Goodbye Ubuntu, Hello Debian

Friday 19 June 2009

I bought a MicroClient Senior for my son to use as a desktop machine.  Nothing really fancy: just enough to read his e-mail, browse the web, play some games, edit files with OpenOffice, listen to music or watch movies.  The best part of it is that he can leave the machine on forever as it uses even less energy than the light on his desk.

In order to make things easy for him to use, I initially chose to go with Ubuntu (Intrepid) and go straight to the default Gnome desktop to avoid as many hassles as possible. Took me a while to put things together as it initially came without network, sound or video. Welcome back to 1995!

Wi-Fi: the dongle is claimed by a driver (rtl8187) that handles things great (with WPA encryption) for about 5 minutes and then crashes without warning. ndiswrapper does a fine job but you need to install the very latest version and locate the correct Windows drivers. Total: a couple of evenings spent trying to get the native driver to work, then another hour to locate a decent Windows driver.

Sound: Not correctly handled by ALSA, you need to download OSS directly from the 4-Front web site and then perform a global re-configuration of all sound-needing apps. Total: one evening spent tweaking ALSA in vain, followed by OSS download/install.

Video: the OpenChrome driver is not activated by default and the screen resolution is set to something weird. You need to hunt for a correct xorg.conf and tweak it to your needs. Total: one evening spent trying various openchrome drivers (including manually compiling stuff) and xorg.conf files.

Once I had everything stabilized and running, I still had to do some maintenance every now and then, in general whenever a newer kernel version is installed.

Last week I decided to upgrade the OS to Ubuntu Jaunty and it turned out to be a disaster. After the upgrade reported having performed successfully, the machine woke up again with no sound, no video and no network. No matter how I tweaked the options and configuration files, it remained in an unstable state, unable to even get to an ‘apt-get update’ because of the lack of network support. I finally gave up after spending two more evenings trying to get the situation back in control, and finished by installing a new Debian (Lenny) from scratch.

Now the machine is back on its feet. It showed the same symptoms as usual (no network, sound or video) but this time I applied the usual fixes and everything was back to normal in no time. Funnily enough, the rtl8187 driver worked perfectly fine until the first kernel update, after which it went back to an Ubuntu-like behaviour: 5 mins of network then crash.  ndiswrapper saves the day again. Not saying Ubuntu is bad but every time they break something and I have to find new ways of bringing it back to life. Debian is also buggy but at least it is easily corrected.

It is now the third machine from which I had to delete Ubuntu because it just did not work. The other ones were a Dell laptop (almost no hardware worked) and an AMD-64 desktop.


Home GBit Switching

Monday 4 May 2009
D-Link DGS-1005d

D-Link DGS-1005d

I recently upgraded my home network by adding a Gigabit switch to the equation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_switch

To make it short: all appliances connected to the same switch can discuss together without disturbing the rest of the network. In my case I just wanted to speed up the link between Gbit machines connected on the same wires and ended up boosting the whole network, including my Internet connection. The reason is quite simple: until then all my home network traffic was going through a WRT54G router, which is a 200MHz CPU handling 1 Internet connection, 4 wires and a WiFi access point. Now that all internal wire traffic is handled by a Gbit switch, the router can concentrate on the Internet traffic only.

As a result I observed a net 20% increase in download speed from my Internet link. The Gbit switch itself is sold as a green appliance because only Ethernet ports actually in use are powered. Got my switch for about 30€, a decent price for a 20% increase in top speeds.


DNS-323 fun

Sunday 1 March 2009

Got a new toy: a NAS device (Network Attached Storage) from D-Link called DNS-323. This little piece is just a little bit bigger than two 3.5 hard drives stuck together. It is basically sold as a mass storage with a network plug but under the hood is a tiny Linux 2.6 running Samba and an ftp server to share files. D-Link played the game and released the sources for all software running on the box, which allowed me to discover my name in the credits. It is not the first time I buy a piece of hardware running my own code but it is always a nice surprise!

DNS-323

DNS-323

Several links of interest:

The obligatory Wiki summarizes everything you always wanted to know about the DNS-323:
http://wiki.dns323.info/

The Linux image you get in the firmware is very limited. To enhance it to support e.g. telnet or ssh login, you need to install more software.  Fortunately the guys at D-Link made it quite easy by adding a hook at the end of the boot process to run your own scripts, so it all boils down to installing a couple of files through Samba and rebooting the machine a couple of times. No risk of bricking the beast since you always keep clear of the firmware itself, though it is possible to build your own firmware if you really want to.

The two packages I settled upon are:

Fonz Fun Plug (ffp)
http://www.inreto.de/dns323/fun-plug/0.5/

This one comes with a fairly limited number of pre-built packages but is nonetheless useful to enhance the box. Since it runs as root in the same Linux instance as the firmware, you can access all parts of the machine through your usual Linux commands.

Deb NAS
http://wiki.dns323.info/howto:chroot_debian

This HOWTO explains how to run a full-fledged Debian distribution inside a chroot jail on your DNS-323. It is absolutely incredible to see a Debian install come to life on such a small machine! I did not even know Debian had been ported to so many different platforms. Since the whole distribution runs inside a chroot jail it does not mix too well with the original Linux firmware though. As long as you stay in userspace you should be Ok but anything related to machine administration is better served with FFP.

Other guys have replaced the original firmware with a true Debian image but that is going a little too far for me. Bricking the box requires some soldering on the mainboard to get access, and I am not going to do that.
All in all a very happy surprise and yet another headless box on my home network!